DEVI NATALIA CHINTYA DEWI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Anemia merupakan suatu keadaan dimana kadar hemoglobin dalam darah lebih rendah daripada nilai normal. Anemia pada perempuan (usia 15-19 tahun) sebesar 26,5%. Prevalensi anemia di dunia berkisar 40-88%, ciri-ciri dari anemia adalah pucat, terjadi karena kurangnya volume darah, hemoglobin dan pengecilan lumen pembuluh darah dalam pengiriman oksigen. Penanganan anemia dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian tablet tambah darah yang bermanfaat sebagai pencegahan anemia, menjaga daya tahan tubuh, dan kemampuan berfikir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan tentang anemia pada remaja perempuan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode observasional yang bersifat deskriptif menggunakan data prospektif. Tingkat pengetahuan dinilai berdasarkan benar, salah. Analisa data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif, data diperoleh dari kuesioner kemudian dihitung skor rata-rata presentase Tingkat pengetahuan dengan jumlah responden 53 siswi yang dilakukan dengan metode sampling jenuh.
DIVA ARIKA SAPUTRI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Hypertension is one of the most common diseases found in Indonesia. More than 63 million Indonesians suffer from hypertension with a death rate of more than 427 people. Based on a survey at the Kasihan II Community Health Center, hypertension cases were ranked first among the top ten diseases. This research was conducted to determine the pattern of antihypertensive drug prescribing at the Kasihan II Community Health Center in December 2023.
This research used a descriptive observational method. Retrospective data collection used medical record data and prescriptions from hypertensive patients in December 2023. Data was analyzed quantitatively by describing and calculating percentages including patient characteristics, type of hypertension therapy, antihypertensive drug class, comorbidities and antihypertensive drug dosage. The results of the data percentage are presented in table form.
AZKA ARFIANSYAH
2024 · Book · Open Access
Based on National Basic Health Research data in 2013, nationally there were 31.9% of households who knew or had heard about generic drugs. Based on initial observations carried out at the Mayang Sehat Pharmacy on 20 self-medication patients, it showed that almost some of them could not differentiate between generic drugs and brand-name drugs. The aim of this research was to determine the level of patient knowledge about generic drugs and brand-name drugs at the Mayang Sehat Pharmacy, Yogyakarta. This research uses a descriptive observational method using a sample of 80 respondents according to the criteria. The technique used is purposive sampling. The closed questionnaire data collection was created by researchers and adopted from Alim's 2018 research, totaling 13 statements where correct answers were given a value of 1 and incorrect answers were given a value of 0. Data analysis in this research was carried out descriptively by presenting an assessment of three categories of good, quite poor knowledge. Of the 66 respondents who had good knowledge category, 23 (34.9%), 22 (33.3%) had "Enough" knowledge, and 21 (31.8%) had "Poor" knowledge.
ANIK WIJAYANTI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Green tea leaves contain alkaloid compounds, tannins, saponins, steroids or triterpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols that can be used as antioxidants. The use of green tea leaves as an antioxidant can be facilitated by being made into lotion preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the lotion of green tea leaf extract with varying concentrations of glyceryl monostearate meets the physicochemical requirements based on organoleptical testing, homogeneity, pH and diameter spread. The research method used Posttest Only Group Design. Extraction of green tea leaf powder using maceration method using 96% solvent. Green tea leaf extract was made into lotion preparations using glyceryl monostearate base with various concentrations of F1 (7.5%), F2 (10%) and F3 (12.5%). Organoleptic and homogeneity tests were analyzed descriptively while pH and spread diameter were analyzed using SPSS 25. Normality test used Shapiro-Wilk test and homogeneity test used Levene's test. If the data is normally distributed and homogeneous (Sig>0.05) then proceed with the One Way Anova test. If in the One Way Anova test there is a significant difference (Sig 0.05) then proceed with the LSD test. If the data is not normally distributed, the Kruskall Wallis test is performed. If in the Kruskall Wallis test there is a significant difference (Sig 0.05) then proceed to use the Mann Whitney test.
ANGGRAHENNI PUSPITA YUSTI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia berupa metabolit sekunder alkaloid karpain yang dapat digunakan sebagai antioksidan. Penggunaan daun pepaya sebagai antioksidan dapat dibuat menjadi kosmetik berupa gel. Gel dipilih karena mengandung banyak air dan memiliki sifat pengantar obat yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai pH dan diameter sebar sediaan gel ekstrak daun pepaya dengan basis Na-CMC. Metode penelitian ini adalah post test only control design. Gel dibuat 2 formula yaitu F1 (tanpa pemberian ekstrak) dan F2 (dengan penambahan ekstrak). Penambahan ekstrak daun pepaya dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan karakteristik sediaan gel sesuai dengan parameter yang telah ditetapkan. Uji fisik yang dilakukan meliputi uji pH dan diameter sebar. Data hasil pengujian fisik gel dianalisis menggunakan program IBM SPSS Statistik 23 dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Uji homogenitas menggunakan uji Levene test dan uji normalitas menggunakan Shapiro Wilk, jika data terdistribusi normal dilanjutkan menggunakan uji Independent T-test jika data tidak terdistribusi normal menggunakan uji Mann Whitney.
AMELINDA PURNAMA YUDHA
2024 · Book · Open Access
Tingkat kesadaran masyarakat akan kesehatan saat ini semakin tinggi sehingga kebutuhan akan sarana kesehatan semakin meningkat. Pelayanan kefarmasian memiliki peran penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup terutama dalam hal swamedikasi. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan belum mencapai 100% yaitu sebesar 72,88% hal ini perlu dilakukan tingkat kepuasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pasien terhadap pelayanan swamedikasi di Apotek Kasongan Bulan Januari 2024. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian observasional yang bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan data prospektif dengan melihat tingkat kepuasan pasien. Tingkat kepuasan dinilai berdasarkan lima dimensi kualitas pelayanan yaitu keandalan, ketanggapan, jaminan, empati, dan bukti langsung. Sampel yang akan digunakan sebanyak 96 responden. Analisa data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif yaitu pengumpulan data dari responden yang mengisi tingkat kepuasan terhadap pelayanan swamedikasi. Data diperoleh dari kuesioner kemudian dihitung skor rata-rata presentase kepuasan pasie
AMINI ARIFAH RAHMI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Daun sirih memiliki banyak manfaat diantaranya sebagai antisariawan, antiseptik, dan menghilangkan bau badan. Nilai rendemen yang diperoleh menunjukan efektivitas suatu proses ekstraksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu maserasi (perendaman) terhadap nilai rendemen ekstrak etanol daun sirih.
Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan post test only design. Serbuk daun sirih dimaserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% selama 24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam. Filtrat yang telah diperoleh masing-masing dikeringkan dengan metode kering angin hingga diperoleh ekstrak kental. Hasil nilai rendemen yang diperoleh dilakukan analisis data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk dan uji Levene untuk uji normalitas dan uji homgenitas. Uji lanjutan yang dilakukan adalah uji One Way Anova dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD untuk melihat perbedaan antar 3 kelompok.
AMALIA AGUSTINA PUTRI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Daun pepaya mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri penyebab jerawat. Daun pepaya dibuat sediaan gel dengan basis gel menggunakan HPMC (Hidroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) memiliki keunggulan seperti tidak mudah tumpah, lebih lama mengikat wangi, mudah dalam pemakaian, bersifat elastis, dan bisa dikreasikan bentuknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak daun pepaya terhadap uji pH dan diameter sebar sediaan gel berbasis HPMC. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan menggunakan posstest only control group design. Formulasi yang dibuat dalam 2 formula, yaitu F1 formulasi gel tanpa penambahan ekstrak dan FII formulasi gel dengan penambahan ekstrak. Pengujian sediaan gel meliputi uji organoleptik, uji pH dan uji diameter sebar. Hasil uji pH dan diameter sebar dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Independent T-test dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan sediaan gel F1 bertekstur kental, berwarna bening, tidak berbau dan F2 berekstur agak kental, berwarna coklat muda, berbau khas daun pepaya. Hasil uji pH pada F1 6,24± 0,05 dan F2 6,43± 0,07. Hasil uji dimeter sebar pada F1 5,80 ± 0,19 cm dan F2 6,13 ± 0,07 cm. Hasil penelitian memenuhi persyaratan nilai pH dan diameter sebar. Hasil menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan penambahan ekstrak daun pepaya yang mempengaruhi hasil uji pH dan diameter sebar.
AFRI DWI MAWARNI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Hipertensi atau tekanan darah tinggi merupakan peningkatan tekanan darah sistolik lebih dari 140 mmHg dan tekanan darah diastolik lebih dari 90 mmHg pada dua kali pengukuran selang lima menit dalam keadaan cukup tenang atau istirahat. Angka prevalensi penderita hipertensi di dunia sekitar 26,4% dan diperkirakan akan meningkat menjadi 29,2% pada tahun 2025 sedangkan di Kota Yogyakarta yang mengalami hipertensi sebesar 9,94% dan orang yang menderita hipertensi di Kota Bantul pada tahun 2022, didominasi oleh Perempuan sebanyak 67,8 % atau 26, 479 orang dan laki laki sebanyak 32.2 % atau 12, 574 orang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan obat antihipertensi di Apotek Beji Farma.
Metode yang digunakan adalah observasional deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan resep obat antihipertensi di Apotek Beji Farma 2. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh. Data dianalisis dengan menghitung persentase jenis obat dan golongan obat.
REGINA OKTA SARASWATUN
2024 · Book · Open Access
Diarrhea is an endemic disease that is still a public health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia. Diarrhea disease has the potential to cause extraordinary events (KLB) accompanied by death. The most severe threat of diarrhea is dehydration. In addition, diarrhea is a major cause of malnutrition and makes a person more vulnerable to other diseases. This study aims to determine the level of education on maternal knowledge about diarrhea in children in Harjobinangun Pakem Sleman.
This study used an analytic observational research method with a cross sectional approach with data collection using a questionnaire prospectively. The sample taken amounted to 96 respondents obtained through purposive sampling. The data from the questionnaire was processed using SPSS with the Chi-square correlation test to test the relationship between two variables, namely the independent and dependent variables.
AMELDA FITRIANI
2024 · Book · Open Access
The birth rate increases every year, and the incidence of the surgical birth process also increases every year, so it is necessary to give prophylactic antibiotics to cesarean section patients with the aim of preventing the incidence of postoperative wound infections. Based on Riskesdas data for 2018, in Indonesia, the number of cesarean deliveries was 17.6%, and in Central Java, it was 17.1%. Therapy used to prevent bacterial infections requires prophylactic antibiotics. This study aims to determine the prescription of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in cesarean section patients at Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Hospital for the period July–December 2023.
This study used a descriptive observational method. The samples used were prescriptions listed in the medical records of patients undergoing cesarean sections. Based on preliminary studies, an average of 30 patients who underwent cesarean sections was obtained, and the data was taken retrospectively with a total sampling technique.
Keywords: Cesarean section, Antibiotics, Prophylaxis
ADINTA KEMUNING PRASTIWI
2024 · Book · Open Access
ABSTRACT
The prevalence of ISPA according to Riskesdas 2018 is 9.3%. ISPA data for the 1-4 year age group is 12.8% with the largest provinces being East Nusa Tenggara at 18.6%, Banten Province at 17.7% and East Java at 17.2%. The prevalence of ARI in DIY is 2.8%. Based on data on antibiotic use worldwide in 2000-2010, antibiotic use is increasingly high, namely 36%. This study aims to determine the pattern of antibiotic prescribing in ARI patients at Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Hospital in 2023. This research uses descriptive methods with retrospective data. Data collection used a purposive sampling technique, totaling 80 samples, where this research was carried out by collecting data from medical records of ISPA patients inpatients at Bethesda Lempuyangwangi Hospital in 2023. Data was analyzed by calculating the percentage of gender, age, name of antibiotic, class of antibiotic. The results of this study show that the characteristics of patients based on gender are female (58.75%) and male (41.25%). Meanwhile, based on age, the majority are adults aged 30-59 years (40%). The pattern of drug prescribing in ARI patients based on the type of drug most commonly prescribed is the antibiotic Cefadroxil (23.75%) and the least is Cefazolin (1.25%). The most frequently used drug class is Generation III Cephalosporins (36.25%) and the least frequently are Macrolides (8.75%). Keywords: Prescribing patterns, antibiotics, ARI
ALVINA WIJAYANTI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition in which the patient cannot produce enough insulin. More than 95% of DM cases are type 2 DM. One of the drugs to treat type 2 DM is insulin. Insulin is much needed by patients with type 2 DM to improve glycemic control. This study aims to determine the pattern of insulin use in outpatient type 2 DM patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital in 2023. The research method used was descriptive observational method with retrospective data collection on medical records of type 2 DM patients. The population in this study was all medical record data of outpatient type 2 DM patients in 2023. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. Data analysis includes patient characteristics (patient age, gender, diagnosis), and insulin use patterns (type of single/combination insulin therapy, type of insulin and insulin class).
ADELA WINDIANA AZAHRA
2024 · Book · Open Access
Lipbalm merupakan sediaan yang digunakan pada bibir bertujuan untuk melindungi bibir dari pengaruh buruk lingkungan. Selain dapat melindungi bibir lipbalm juga dapat memberikan warna pada bibir. Angkak merupakan beras hasil fermentasi kapang Monascus purpureus yang dapat memberikan pigmen warna merah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memformulasikan ekstrak angkak (Monascus purpureus) menjadi sediaan lipbalm.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksprimental posttest only design. Ekstrak angkak diperoleh dengan cara maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96% selama 1x24 jam kemudian di remaserasi sebanyak 2 kali. Cera flava diformulasikan dengan variasi konsentrasi 10%, 15%, 20%. Hasil pengujian organoleptis dan homogenitas dianalisis secara deskriptif sedangkan hasil pH dan hasil titik lebur dianalisis dengan program IBM SPSS Statistik 23. Uji normalitas dilakukan dengan uji Shapiro Wilk dan uji homogenitas dilakukan dengan uji Levene’s test, jika nilai (sig >0,05) maka data terdistribusi normal dan homogen selanjutnya dilanjutkan dengan uji One Way Anova. Jika pada uji One Way Anova terdapat perbedaan bermakna (sig <0,05) maka dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD. Jika data terdistribusi normal dilanjutkan dengan uji Kruskal Walis, selanjutnya jika terdapat perbdaan bermagna (sig <0,05) maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney.
AFIFAH NUR SUKMAWATI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah kondisi dimana pankreas ankreas tidak dapat memproduksi insulin yang cukup untuk tubuh atau Ketika tubuh tidak dapat efektif dalam penggunaan insulin. kadar glukosa darah dapat diturunan menggunakan bahan alam, salah satunya menggunakan daun rambutan. Daun rambutan memiliki kandungan tannin, saponin, dan flavonoid yang dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak biji rambutan terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Metode penelitian eksperimental Pretest-posttest Control Group Design dengan melihat sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan terhadap 20 ekor mencit yang terbagi dalam kelompok. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol negatif, kelompok II sebagai kontrol positif, kelompok III sebagai perlakuan infusa daun rambutan dosis 3.5 g/KgBB, dan kelompok IV infusa daun rambutan dosis 5.25 g/KgBB. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan SPSS 23. Uji normalitas menggunakan Saphiro Wilk dan dilakukan uji homgenitas. Jika da a normai menggunakan Kruskall Wallis.
VITA
2024 · Book · Open Access
The incidence of dysmenorrhea in Indonesia is quite high, with primary type dysmenorrhea around 54.89% while the rest sufferers with secondary dysmenorrhea. Adolescents' knowledge is very much needed in carrying out appropriate management of dysmenorrhea to improve their quality of life. The majority of adolescents girls knowledge regarding the management of dysmenorrhea is still in the poor category. The aim of this research was to determine the level of knowledge of adolescents girls regarding the management of dysmenorrhea in Pringgolayan Hamlet, Bantul. The method used in this research is descriptive observational and sampling was carried out using the purposive sampling method. The sample in this study was 100 respondents from a population of 1,464 people. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing the definition, signs and symptoms, risk factors and management of dysmenorrhea. The data was then analyzed descriptively, namely describing a picture of knowledge in a situation with good, sufficient and poor levels of knowledge
TITIAN RIZQI JALADRI ACHSAN
2024 · Book · Open Access
Prevalence data from BPS in 2020 shows that the percentage of people who self-medicate is 72.19%. The most common complaint experienced by the community so that they do self-medication is pain. Pain can become a problem if the pain is not treated immediately, so that the disease becomes prolonged and can harm the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the patient's knowledge level about the use of analgesics in pain self-medication at PAS 24 Pharmacy Kaliurang Sleman Yogyakarta. This research method is observational which is descriptive in nature using prospective data distributed using a questionnaire. The sample in this study were pain self-medication patients aged 15-64 years at Pas 24 Pharmacy Kaliurang Sleman Yogyakarta. Sampling was done by purposive sampling method. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire containing 15 questions which will previously be tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and then categorized based on the level of knowledge about self-medication of analgesic drugs, namely good (75%-100%), sufficient (56%-75%) and less 56%.
VERONICA LIANA SARI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Tea leaf extract contains high antioxidants in the form of catechins that can be utilised in cosmetic preparations. Tea leaf extract is formulated in the form of a cream preparation with varying concentrations of stearic acid to facilitate use. This study aims to determine the physicochemical properties of tea leaf extract cream preparations with varying concentrations of stearic acid. The research method used Post Test Only Design. Extraction of tea leaf powder using 96% ethanol solvent by remaseration method. Tea leaf extract was made into cream preparations with variations in stearic acid concentrations F1 (10%), F2 (12.5%), and F3 (15%). Cream preparations were evaluated for physicochemical properties including organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test and spread diameter test. Data from organoleptic and homogeneity tests were analysed descriptively. The pH test and spread diameter were analysed with SPSS 26, using One Way Anova test followed by LSD test. The results of the organoleptic test showed that the cream had a yellowish green colour, a distinctive smell of tea leaves, and the form of F1 was slightly thick, F2 was thick, and F3 was very thick. Homogeneity test showed all three formulas were homogeneous. The pH test results showed F1 (7.89±0.13), F2 (7.65±0.10), and F3 (7.32±0.23). Spread diameter test showed F1 (6.49±0.03cm), F2 (5.33±0.16cm), and F3 (4.84±0.07cm). Organoleptic, homogenised, and pH tests met the requirements while the spread diameter test did not meet the requirements.
TRI UTAMI REJEKI
2024 · Book · Open Access
Katuk leaves contain chemical compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, polyphenols, steroids, quinones, monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. Factors that influence the yield and chemical content of katuk leaf extract are differences in the type of solvent. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of the type of extraction solvent on the yield value and chemical content of katuk leaf extract. The extraction method used in this research was maceration, using 96% ethanol and n-hexane as solvents. Simplicia powder is macerated with each solvent (ratio 1:3) for 3 x 24 hours with stirring 15 minutes every 24 hours. The maceration results obtained were then filtered and air dried until a thick extract was obtained, then the yield value and chemical content of the katuk leaf extract were tested. Data from the results were analyzed using SPSS with the Shapiro Wilk normality test and Levene's homogeneity test with a confidence level of 95%. The yield value data was then subjected to an Independent Sample T-test to determine the influence between groups of solvent types.
STIVAN JOSHUA
2024 · Book · Open Access
Hipertensi membutuhkan pengobatan yang tepat dan dilakukan secara terus menerus. Penggunaan obat antihipertensi jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan efek samping dan ketidakpatuhan yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya alternatif yaitu dengan mengonsumsi buah papaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian buah pepaya berdasarkan review artikel efektif sebagai antihipertensi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah review jurnal, metode yang digunakan pada peneltian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui kajian pustaka dengan teknik compare. Data diperoleh dengan diunduh melalui website antara lain: www.scholar.google.com, www.portalgaruda.com, www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, dan www.cochranelibrary.com dan metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, jurnal yang digunakan adalah primer dan sekunder. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan porpusive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi.
